diff --git a/drivers/dac_dds/Makefile b/drivers/dac_dds/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..48422e909a --- /dev/null +++ b/drivers/dac_dds/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include $(RIOTBASE)/Makefile.base diff --git a/drivers/dac_dds/Makefile.dep b/drivers/dac_dds/Makefile.dep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6b811b71f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/drivers/dac_dds/Makefile.dep @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +FEATURES_REQUIRED += periph_dac +FEATURES_REQUIRED += periph_timer_periodic diff --git a/drivers/dac_dds/Makefile.include b/drivers/dac_dds/Makefile.include new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..50b100afd7 --- /dev/null +++ b/drivers/dac_dds/Makefile.include @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +USEMODULE_INCLUDES_dac_dds := $(LAST_MAKEFILEDIR)/include +USEMODULE_INCLUDES += $(USEMODULE_INCLUDES_dac_dds) diff --git a/drivers/dac_dds/dac_dds.c b/drivers/dac_dds/dac_dds.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0a48143187 --- /dev/null +++ b/drivers/dac_dds/dac_dds.c @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ +/* + * Copyright (C) 2020 Beuth Hochschule für Technik Berlin + * + * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU Lesser + * General Public License v2.1. See the file LICENSE in the top level + * directory for more details. + */ + +/** + * @ingroup drivers_periph_dac + * @{ + * + * @file + * @brief Common DAC function fallback implementations + * + * @author Benjamin Valentin + * + * @} + */ + +#include +#include "board.h" +#include "dac_dds.h" +#include "dac_dds_params.h" +#include "irq.h" +#include "kernel_defines.h" +#include "macros/units.h" +#include "periph/timer.h" + +static struct dac_ctx { + const uint8_t *buffers[2]; /* The two sample buffers */ + size_t buffer_len[2]; /* Size of the sample buffers */ + size_t idx; /* Current position in the current buffer */ + dac_dds_cb_t cb; /* Called when the current buffer is done */ + void *cb_arg; /* Callback argument */ + uint16_t sample_ticks; /* Timer ticks per sample */ + uint8_t cur; /* Active sample buffer */ + uint8_t playing; /* DAC is playing */ + uint8_t is_16bit; /* Sample size is 16 instead of 8 bit */ +} _ctx[DAC_DDS_NUMOF]; + +static void _timer_cb(void *arg, int chan) +{ + (void)chan; + + struct dac_ctx *ctx = arg; + + dac_dds_t dac_dds = ctx - _ctx; + dac_t dac = dac_dds_params[dac_dds].dac; + const uint8_t cur = ctx->cur; + const uint8_t *buf = ctx->buffers[cur]; + const size_t len = ctx->buffer_len[cur]; + + if (ctx->is_16bit) { + uint8_t l = buf[ctx->idx++]; + uint8_t h = buf[ctx->idx++]; + + dac_set(dac, (h << 8) | l); + } else { + dac_set(dac, buf[ctx->idx++] << 8); + } + + if (ctx->idx >= len) { + + /* invalidate old buffer */ + ctx->buffer_len[cur] = 0; + + ctx->idx = 0; + ctx->cur = !cur; + + /* stop playing if no more samples are queued */ + if (ctx->buffer_len[!cur] == 0) { + ctx->playing = 0; + timer_stop(dac_dds_params[dac_dds].timer); + /* notify user that next sample buffer can be queued */ + } else if (ctx->cb) { + ctx->cb(ctx->cb_arg); + } + } +} + +void dac_dds_init(dac_dds_t dac, uint16_t sample_rate, uint8_t flags, + dac_dds_cb_t cb, void *cb_arg) +{ + assert(dac < DAC_DDS_NUMOF); + + _ctx[dac].cb = cb; + _ctx[dac].cb_arg = cb_arg; + _ctx[dac].sample_ticks = dac_dds_params[dac].timer_hz / sample_rate; + _ctx[dac].is_16bit = flags & DAC_FLAG_16BIT; + + timer_init(dac_dds_params[dac].timer, dac_dds_params[dac].timer_hz, _timer_cb, &_ctx[dac]); +} + +void dac_dds_set_cb(dac_dds_t dac, dac_dds_cb_t cb, void *cb_arg) +{ + unsigned state = irq_disable(); + + /* allow to update cb_arg independent of cb */ + if (cb || cb_arg == NULL) { + _ctx[dac].cb = cb; + } + _ctx[dac].cb_arg = cb_arg; + + irq_restore(state); +} + +bool dac_dds_play(dac_dds_t dac, const void *buf, size_t len) +{ + struct dac_ctx *ctx = &_ctx[dac]; + + unsigned state = irq_disable(); + + uint8_t next = !ctx->cur; + ctx->buffers[next] = buf; + ctx->buffer_len[next] = len; + + bool is_playing = ctx->playing; + irq_restore(state); + + if (is_playing) { + return true; + } + + ctx->playing = 1; + ctx->cur = next; + + timer_set_periodic(dac_dds_params[dac].timer, 0, ctx->sample_ticks, + TIM_FLAG_RESET_ON_MATCH | TIM_FLAG_RESET_ON_SET); + + /* We can already queue the next buffer */ + if (ctx->cb) { + ctx->cb(ctx->cb_arg); + } + + return false; +} + +void dac_dds_stop(dac_dds_t dac) +{ + timer_stop(dac_dds_params[dac].timer); + _ctx[dac].playing = 0; +} diff --git a/drivers/dac_dds/include/dac_dds_params.h b/drivers/dac_dds/include/dac_dds_params.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dc0db57fc0 --- /dev/null +++ b/drivers/dac_dds/include/dac_dds_params.h @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +/* + * Copyright (C) 2020 Beuth Hochschule für Technik Berlin + * + * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU Lesser + * General Public License v2.1. See the file LICENSE in the top level + * directory for more details. + */ + +/** + * @ingroup drivers_periph_dac + * @{ + * + * @file + * @brief Default configuration for the DAC DDS driver + * + * @author Benjamin Valentin + * @} + */ + +#ifndef DAC_DDS_PARAMS_H +#define DAC_DDS_PARAMS_H + +#include "board.h" +#include "macros/units.h" + +#ifdef __cplusplus +extern "C" { +#endif + +/** + * @name Set default configuration parameters for the DAC DDS driver + * @{ + */ +#ifndef DAC_DDS_PARAM_DAC +#define DAC_DDS_PARAM_DAC DAC_LINE(0) +#endif +#ifndef DAC_DDS_PARAM_TIMER +#define DAC_DDS_PARAM_TIMER (TIMER_NUMOF - 1) +#endif +#ifndef DAC_DDS_PARAM_TIMER_HZ +#define DAC_DDS_PARAM_TIMER_HZ MHZ(1) +#endif + +#ifndef DAC_DDS_PARAMS +#define DAC_DDS_PARAMS { .dac = DAC_DDS_PARAM_DAC, \ + .timer = DAC_DDS_PARAM_TIMER, \ + .timer_hz = DAC_DDS_PARAM_TIMER_HZ, \ + } +#endif +/**@}*/ + +/** + * @brief DAC DDS configuration + */ +static const dac_dds_params_t dac_dds_params[] = +{ + DAC_DDS_PARAMS +}; + +/** + * @brief DAC DDS instances + */ +#define DAC_DDS_NUMOF ARRAY_SIZE(dac_dds_params) + +#ifdef __cplusplus +} +#endif + +#endif /* DAC_DDS_PARAMS_H */ +/** @} */ diff --git a/drivers/include/dac_dds.h b/drivers/include/dac_dds.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..688e51c4a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/drivers/include/dac_dds.h @@ -0,0 +1,164 @@ +/* + * Copyright (C) 2020 Beuth Hochschule für Technik Berlin + * + * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU Lesser + * General Public License v2.1. See the file LICENSE in the top level + * directory for more details. + */ + +/** + * @defgroup drivers_dac_dds DAC Direct Digital Synthesis + * @ingroup drivers_periph_dac + * + * @{ + * @file + * @brief Use a DAC to play a buffer of samples + * + * A buffer of (audio) samples can be played on a DAC with + * a given sample rate. + * To supply a steady stream of samples, a double buffer is + * used. + * While buffer A is played on the DAC the user can fill buffer + * B with the next batch of samples by calling @ref dac_dds_play + * again. Once buffer A has finished playing, buffer B will + * automatically be used instead. + * + * A callback can be registered that signals when the next buffer + * is ready to be filled. + * Do not do the actual buffer filling inside the callback as this + * is called from the timer context that is used to play the samples. + * Instead, use it to wake a thread that then provides the samples + * and calls @ref dac_dds_play. + * If the next sample buffer is already prepared, you can also call + * `dac_dds_play` within the callback, just don't do any I/O or + * heavy processing. + * + * @author Benjamin Valentin + */ + +#ifndef DAC_DDS_H +#define DAC_DDS_H + +#include +#include +#include + +#include "periph/dac.h" +#include "periph/timer.h" + +#ifdef __cplusplus +extern "C" { +#endif + +/** + * @brief The callback that will be called when the end of the current sample buffer + * has been reached. + * Should be used to start filling the next sample buffer with @ref dac_dds_play. + * + * @note Will be called in interrupt context. Only use the callback to signal a + * thread. Don't directly fill the sample buffer in the callback. + */ +typedef void (*dac_dds_cb_t)(void *arg); + +/** + * @brief Configuration struct for a DAC DDS channel + * @{ + */ +typedef struct { + dac_t dac; /**< The DAC used for playing the sample */ + tim_t timer; /**< Timer used for periodic DAC events */ + uint32_t timer_hz; /**< Timer frequency, must be at least 2x sample rate */ +} dac_dds_params_t; +/** @} */ + +/** + * @brief Index of the DAC DDS channel + */ +typedef uint8_t dac_dds_t; + +/** + * @brief A sample has a resolution of 8 bit + */ +#ifndef DAC_FLAG_8BIT +#define DAC_FLAG_8BIT (0x0) +#endif + +/** + * @brief A sample has a resolution of 16 bit + */ +#ifndef DAC_FLAG_16BIT +#define DAC_FLAG_16BIT (0x1) +#endif + +/** + * @brief Initialize a DAC for playing audio samples + * A user defined callback can be provided that will be called when + * the next buffer can be queued. + * @experimental + * + * @param[in] dac The DAC to initialize + * @param[in] sample_rate The sample rate in Hz + * @param[in] flags Optional flags (@ref DAC_FLAG_16BIT) + * @param[in] cb Will be called when the next buffer can be queued + * @param[in] cb_arg Callback argument + */ +void dac_dds_init(dac_dds_t dac, uint16_t sample_rate, uint8_t flags, + dac_dds_cb_t cb, void *cb_arg); + +/** + * @brief Change the 'buffer done' callback. + * A user defined callback can be provided that will be called when + * the next buffer can be queued. + * This function can be used to change the callback on the fly. + * + * Passing in a @p cb of `NULL` can be used to only update the arg + * without updating the @p cb. Conversely, to clear the callback, both + * @p cb and @p cb_arg need to be passed in as NULL. + * @experimental + * + * @param[in] dac The DAC to configure + * @param[in] cb Called when the played buffer is done + * @param[in] cb_arg Callback argument + */ +void dac_dds_set_cb(dac_dds_t dac, dac_dds_cb_t cb, void *cb_arg); + +/** + * @brief Play a buffer of (audio) samples on a DAC + * + * If this function is called while another buffer is already + * being played, the new `buf` will be played when the current + * buffer has finished playing. + * + * The DAC implementations allows one buffer to be queued + * (double buffering). + * + * Whenever a new buffer can be queued, the @ref dac_dds_cb_t + * callback function will be executed. + * + * @experimental + * + * @param[in] dac The DAC to play the sample on + * @param[in] buf A buffer with (audio) samples + * @param[in] len Number of bytes to be played + * + * @return `true` if the buffer was queued while another + * buffer is currently playing. + * `false` if the new buffer is played immediately. + * That means playing was just started or an underrun + * occurred. + */ +bool dac_dds_play(dac_dds_t dac, const void *buf, size_t len); + +/** + * @brief Stop playback of the current sample buffer + * + * @param[in] dac The DAC to stop + */ +void dac_dds_stop(dac_dds_t dac); + +#ifdef __cplusplus +} +#endif + +#endif /* DAC_DDS_H */ +/** @} */ diff --git a/tests/driver_dac_dds/Makefile b/tests/driver_dac_dds/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f1903bb91f --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/driver_dac_dds/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +BOARD ?= mcb2388 + +include ../Makefile.tests_common + +BLOBS += hello.raw + +USEMODULE += dac_dds +USEMODULE += shell + +# Disable the greeting sample if the board has too little memory +# or flashing takes too long +ENABLE_GREETING ?= 1 +CFLAGS += -DENABLE_GREETING=$(ENABLE_GREETING) + +include $(RIOTBASE)/Makefile.include diff --git a/tests/driver_dac_dds/hello.raw b/tests/driver_dac_dds/hello.raw new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1cc33fbf70 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/driver_dac_dds/hello.raw @@ -0,0 +1 @@ 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\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/tests/driver_dac_dds/main.c b/tests/driver_dac_dds/main.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..138ec49203 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/driver_dac_dds/main.c @@ -0,0 +1,323 @@ +/* + * Copyright (C) 2020 Beuth Hochschule für Technik Berlin + * + * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU Lesser + * General Public License v2.1. See the file LICENSE in the top level + * directory for more details. + */ + +/** + * @ingroup tests + * @{ + * + * @file + * @brief DAC (audio) test application + * + * Generates Sine, Square and Sawtooth waves using + * a DAC. + * Connect a speaker or headphones to the DAC output + * pins of your board, you should be able to hear the + * generated sounds. + * + * @author Benjamin Valentin + * + * @} + */ + +#include +#include +#include + +#include "mutex.h" +#include "dac_dds.h" +#include "dac_dds_params.h" +#include "shell.h" + +#include "blob/hello.raw.h" + +#ifndef DAC_DDS_CHAN +#define DAC_DDS_CHAN 0 +#endif + +#ifndef ENABLE_GREETING +#define ENABLE_GREETING 1 +#endif + +#ifndef min +#define min(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (b) : (a)) +#endif + +#define DAC_BUF_SIZE (2048) + +static bool res_16b = 0; +static unsigned sample_rate = 8000; + +#define ISIN_PERIOD (0x7FFF) +#define ISIN_MAX (0x1000) + +/** + * @brief A sine approximation via a fourth-order cosine approx. + * source: https://www.coranac.com/2009/07/sines/ + * + * @param x angle (with 2^15 units/circle) + * @return sine value (Q12) + */ +static int32_t isin(int32_t x) +{ + int32_t c, y; + static const int32_t qN = 13, + qA = 12, + B = 19900, + C = 3516; + + c = x << (30 - qN); /* Semi-circle info into carry. */ + x -= 1 << qN; /* sine -> cosine calc */ + + x = x << (31 - qN); /* Mask with PI */ + x = x >> (31 - qN); /* Note: SIGNED shift! (to qN) */ + x = x * x >> (2 * qN - 14); /* x=x^2 To Q14 */ + + y = B - (x * C >> 14); /* B - x^2*C */ + y = (1 << qA) /* A - x^2*(B-x^2*C) */ + - (x * y >> 16); + + return c >= 0 ? y : -y; +} + +/* simple function to fill buffer with samples */ +typedef void (*sample_gen_t)(uint8_t *dst, size_t len, uint16_t period); + +static void _fill_saw_samples_8(uint8_t *buf, size_t len, uint16_t period) +{ + uint8_t x = 0; + unsigned step = 0xFF / period; + + for (uint16_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) { + x += step; + buf[i] = x; + } +} + +static void _fill_saw_samples_16(uint8_t *buf, size_t len, uint16_t period) +{ + uint16_t x = 0; + unsigned step = 0xFFFF / period; + + for (uint16_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) { + x += step; + buf[i] = x; + buf[++i] = x >> 8; + } +} + +static void _fill_sine_samples_8(uint8_t *buf, size_t len, uint16_t period) +{ + uint16_t x = 0; + unsigned step = ISIN_PERIOD / period; + + for (uint16_t i = 0; i < period; ++i) { + x += step; + buf[i] = isin(x) >> 5; + } + + for (uint16_t i = period; i < len; i += period) { + memcpy(&buf[i], &buf[0], period); + } +} + +static void _fill_sine_samples_16(uint8_t *buf, size_t len, uint16_t period) +{ + uint16_t x = 0; + unsigned step = ISIN_PERIOD / period; + + period *= 2; + + for (uint16_t i = 0; i < period; ++i) { + x += step; + + uint16_t y = isin(x); + buf[i] = y; + buf[++i] = y >> 8; + } + + for (uint16_t i = period; i < len; i += period) { + memcpy(&buf[i], &buf[0], period); + } +} + +static void _fill_square_samples(uint8_t *buf, size_t len, uint16_t period) +{ + period /= 2; + + if (res_16b) { + period *= 2; + } + + for (uint8_t *end = buf + len; buf < end; ) { + memset(buf, 0xFF, period); + buf += period; + memset(buf, 0x0, period); + buf += period; + } +} + +static void _unlock(void *arg) +{ + mutex_unlock(arg); +} + +static void play_function(uint16_t period, uint32_t samples, sample_gen_t fun) +{ + static uint8_t buf[DAC_BUF_SIZE]; + mutex_t lock = MUTEX_INIT_LOCKED; + + /* only work with whole wave periods */ + uint16_t len_aligned = DAC_BUF_SIZE - DAC_BUF_SIZE % period; + + /* 16 bit samples doubles data rate */ + if (res_16b) { + samples *= 2; + } + + /* pre-calculate buffer */ + fun(buf, len_aligned, period); + + /* we want to block until the next buffer can be queued */ + dac_dds_set_cb(DAC_DDS_CHAN, _unlock, &lock); + + while (samples) { + size_t len = min(samples, len_aligned); + samples -= len; + + dac_dds_play(DAC_DDS_CHAN, buf, len); + + /* wait for buffer flip */ + mutex_lock(&lock); + } +} + +#if IS_USED(ENABLE_GREETING) +static int cmd_greeting(int argc, char **argv) +{ + (void) argc; + (void) argv; + + if (sample_rate != 8000 || res_16b) { + puts("Warning: audio clip was recoded with 8bit/8000 Hz"); + } + + puts("Play Greeting…"); + + /* we only want to play a single sample */ + dac_dds_set_cb(DAC_DDS_CHAN, NULL, NULL); + + dac_dds_play(DAC_DDS_CHAN, hello_raw, hello_raw_len); + + return 0; +} +#endif + +static void _dac_init(void) +{ + printf("init DAC with %d bit, %u Hz\n", res_16b ? 16 : 8, sample_rate); + dac_dds_init(DAC_DDS_CHAN, sample_rate, + res_16b ? DAC_FLAG_16BIT : DAC_FLAG_8BIT, NULL, NULL); +} + +static int cmd_init(int argc, char **argv) +{ + printf("argc: %d\n", argc); + + if (argc < 2) { + printf("usage: %s \n", argv[0]); + return 1; + } + + if (argc > 2) { + unsigned bit = atoi(argv[2]); + + if (bit != 8 && bit != 16) { + printf("Only 8 and 16 bit samples supported.\n"); + return 1; + } + + res_16b = bit == 16; + } + + sample_rate = atoi(argv[1]); + + _dac_init(); + + return 0; +} + +static int cmd_saw(int argc, char **argv) +{ + if (argc < 3) { + printf("usage: %s \n", argv[0]); + return 1; + } + + unsigned freq = atoi(argv[1]); + unsigned secs = atoi(argv[2]); + + play_function((sample_rate + freq/2) / freq, secs * sample_rate, + res_16b ? _fill_saw_samples_16 : _fill_saw_samples_8); + + return 0; +} + +static int cmd_sine(int argc, char **argv) +{ + if (argc < 3) { + printf("usage: %s \n", argv[0]); + return 1; + } + + unsigned freq = atoi(argv[1]); + unsigned secs = atoi(argv[2]); + + play_function((sample_rate + freq/2) / freq, secs * sample_rate, + res_16b ? _fill_sine_samples_16 : _fill_sine_samples_8); + + return 0; +} + +static int cmd_square(int argc, char **argv) +{ + if (argc < 3) { + printf("usage: %s \n", argv[0]); + return 1; + } + + unsigned freq = atoi(argv[1]); + unsigned secs = atoi(argv[2]); + + play_function((sample_rate + freq/2) / freq, secs * sample_rate, + _fill_square_samples); + + return 0; +} + +static const shell_command_t shell_commands[] = { +#if IS_USED(ENABLE_GREETING) + { "hello", "Play Greeting", cmd_greeting }, +#endif + { "init", "Initialize DAC", cmd_init }, + { "saw", "Play sawtooth wave", cmd_saw }, + { "sine", "Play Sine wave", cmd_sine }, + { "square", "Play Square wave", cmd_square }, + { NULL, NULL, NULL } +}; + +int main(void) +{ + dac_init(DAC_DDS_PARAM_DAC); + _dac_init(); + + /* start the shell */ + char line_buf[SHELL_DEFAULT_BUFSIZE]; + shell_run(shell_commands, line_buf, SHELL_DEFAULT_BUFSIZE); + + return 0; +}